Education policy in Nigeria 2023

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Types of Educational Policy in Nigeria 2023. Education is the practice of learning and imparting knowledge and skills aimed at building a better life for individuals and society.

It is an ancient practice that has some of its earliest traces in ancient Greece, where it meant teaching the younger generation the values and traditions of the state, as well as all the basic survival skills that would keep them alive and well, resulting in a healthy population that could outshine its peers.

Education in Nigeria is regulated by the Ministry of Education. The Local Education Department (LED) is responsible for implementing a state-regulated policy on public education as well as public schools.

The education system is divided into kindergarten, primary education, secondary education and tertiary education (universities, colleges {including colleges of education} polytechnics, monotechnics and specialized educational institutions).

Nigeria's federal government structure has been plagued by instability since independence from Britain. As a new government comes into office, the policies of the previous government are often discarded and discredited and as a result, a coherent set of education policies in Nigeria has not really been successfully implemented.

Types of Educational Policy in Nigeria

By law, Nigeria currently operates an educational policy called Universal Basic Education (UBE). The policy/law prescribes a 9-year formal education, adult literacy, and non-formal education, skills acquisition program, and as a matter of law the policy is universal, and therefore the education of special groups such as nomadic children, as well as migrants, girl children and women, al-majiris. (Northern nomads who study Islamic law), vagabonds and disabled people as well.

The scheme is monitored by the Universal Basic Education Commission, UBEC, a wing of the Nigerian Ministry of Education, supported by international agencies. UBEC is empowered to take proactive steps to ensure that universal basic education is "free", "compulsory" and the right of every child.

This power comes from Section 15 of the UBEC Act which defines universal basic education as early childhood care and education. The UBE system can also be referred to as the 9 3 4 education system, which prescribes 9 years of compulsory primary and junior secondary education (officially referred to as Basic 1 to 9), followed by 3 years. Limited to senior secondary education, and then years in a university.

Types of Educational Policy in Nigeria

It also preceded the 5 6 4 system which was abolished in 1982. This system mandates that students complete 5 years of primary school (Form 1 to 5) followed by 6 years of secondary school education (Standard 1 to 6) and beyond. Within 4 years in a university system.

Note that Nigeria currently has the highest number of out-of-school youth in the world. Therefore, it is best to devote the remainder of this article to discussing the structure of non-formal education in Nigeria.

Education In Nigeria

Education in Nigeria is regulated by the government through the Ministry of Education. The Local Education Department (LED) is the single authority responsible for implementing state-generated policies on public education as well as the management of state schools. The education system in Nigeria is divided into kindergarten, primary education, junior secondary education, senior secondary school and tertiary education (universities, polytechnics and colleges of education).

Education does not just magically appear in the minds of students. Courses to impart knowledge and life skills to people should have specially designated places - Government Language Training Institutes. In this article, we would like to examine the different types of educational institutions in Nigeria, and also look at the various functions of each individual institution (some of which have been mentioned above) and the contribution they make to development. of the Nigerian Education System. Now let's see each one. We do so below.

Set of Educational Institutions in Nigeria

Primary education starts around or before the age of 5 for the majority of Nigerians. Students spend six years in primary school after which they qualify for a School Leaving Certificate. 

Subjects taught at primary level include English language (for effective communication),

• Mathematics, 
• Christian religious studies, 
• Islamic studies (both religious studies teach basic ethics), 
• agricultural science, 
• home economics and any of the three major indigenous languages.

 and cultures which are Hausa-Fulani, Yoruba and Igbo. Many private schools offer basic computer education, French language and fine arts.

Primary school students, after completing about 6 years of schooling, must take an entrance test called the 'Common Entrance Test' to qualify for admission to secondary schools, whether federal, state or privately owned secondary schools. So what does the Nigerian secondary school system look like?

                                              
Secondary Education. Students in Nigeria usually spend six years in secondary school which some call primary school, followed by 3 years of Junior Secondary School (JSS) and then 3 years of SSS (Senior Secondary School). According to the new law, junior secondary school, JSS is now part of universal basic education, and is now mandatory, with a criminal penalty attached to defaulters.

This leads to the BECE examination, which opens the door to senior secondary school education. The senior secondary school curriculum consists of 5 or 6 optional subjects based on 5 core subjects. 

Major subjects are: English Language, Mathematics, Economics; Civic Education, Marketing. Science-oriented students, one or more options outside of biology, chemistry, physics, agricultural science or integrated science;

For arts-oriented students: one or more options from English literature, history, geography or social studies drawing, fine arts; or vocational subjects.

By Senior Secondary School Class 2 (SS2), some students are already taking the GCE O’Levels exam. 

Taking the exam at this level is not mandatory, but some students take it to prepare for the Senior Secondary Certificate Examination, while others, with a high level of confidence, are already preparing for tertiary education. After 6 years, the Senior Secondary School ends on the WASSCE.

Tertiary education. In the Nigerian education system, polytechnics are tertiary institutions that offer courses of study in almost all fields of endeavor.

However, polytechnics do not require 4 years to complete their courses, but some offer 2 years, others offer 3 years of study for the National Diploma Certificate, while study for the Higher National Diploma (HND) is usually a further 2 years. Bachelor Degree (B.Sc) equivalent from any University is required.

To secure admission to study in any university in Nigeria, students must pass several hurdles with minimum SSCE/GCE general level credits at maximum two sittings, with a minimum cut-off mark in the Joint Admission and Matriculation Board Entrance Examination [JAMB ] with a maximum mark of 400 .180 and above {that exam is now called UTME.

Candidates with minimum merit pass in National Certificate of Education (NCE) obtained from a College of Education, National Diploma (ND obtained in Polytechnic) and other advanced level certificate with minimum qualification of minimum 8 GCE/WASSCE/NECO O/L credits directly in appropriate undergraduate degree programmer. entry They are advancing their academic careers in their chosen fields.

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